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New York(1)

   New York is the largest city in the USA and the biggest seaport. It is the business centre of the United States.
   New York is situated in the mouth of the Hudson river. In comparison with such ancient historical cities as, say, Rome, London, Moscow or Paris, New York is quite young. It was founded in 1613 by Dutch settlers.
   There are five districts in the city: Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, Brooklyn and Richmond. Manhattan is the central and the oldest part of the city. It is the district of business and finance. It is here in Wall Street that many business offices, banks and the world famous New York stock exchange are situated. The New York stock exchange dominates business life of many countries.
   The total area of New York is 365 square miles or 900 square kilometres. Its population together with the population of its suburbs amounts to 16 million people.
   Among the inhabitants of New York one can meet people of almost all nationalities. They settled here during the immigration in the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century.
   A traveller who visits New York for the first time wonders at the modern architecture. The Statue of Liberty, which is on Liberty Island, was a present from France in 1876 on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of American independence. This statue and a few 18th and 19th century churches, hospitals, newspaper offices and other buildings are the only examples of "old" architecture in New York. Wherever your eyes travel, everywhere you can see sky-scrapers. New York, one of the USA leading manufacturing cities, is the home of great firms and banks. The most important branches of industry are those producing vehicles, glass, chemicals and all kinds of machinery. The city has very busy traffic. Its streets and highways are full of cars and buses.
   The mouth of the Hudson river makes an excellent harbour for numerous passengers and cargo ships from all over the world.
   Speaking about New York one can't but mention the outstanding role, the city plays, in the cultural life of the country. New York has many museums and art galleries which have collected works of art of many peoples and of all times. Many of them are on constant display in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Whitney Museum of Art.
   Most of the theatres and cinemas are in or near Broadway, the longest street and the biggest shopping district in Ne\ York. The Metropolitan and Modern Arts Museums attract many visitors.
   
   Questions:
   1. What is the largest city in the USA?
   2. Where is New York situated?
   3. When was the city founded?
   4. How many districts are there in New York?
   5. What is the central and the oldest part of New York?
   6. In which district are many offices situated?
   7. What is the population of New York?
   8. People of how many nationalities live in the city?
   9. What does a traveller who comes to New York for the first time wonder at?
   10. How and when did the Statue of Liberty appear in New York?
   11. Which industries are situated in New York?
   12. What is situated in the mouth of the Hudson river?
   13. What are the names of art museums situated in New York?
   14. In what street are most of the theatres and cinemas situated?
   
   Vocabulary:
   to be founded — быть основанным
   Dutch settlers — датские поселенцы
   stock exchange — биржа
   the total area — общая площадь
   suburbs — пригороды
   to amount to — составлять
   to settle — поселиться
   to wonder at smth. — любоваться чем-либо
   sky-scrapers — небоскребы
   vehicle — автомобиль, средство передвижения
   highway — автострада
   harbour — пристань
   cargo ships — грузовые корабли
   to be on constant display — постоянно экспонироваться

New York(2)

   New York is one of the largest cities in the world and the biggest seaport. It's the financial capital of the country. It's the business centre of the United States. The city is situated in New York State, at the mouth of the Hudson river. It's population is over eight million. In early times the New York area was populated by Indians. It is here in Wall Street many business offices, banks and world famous New York stock exchange are situated.
   New York is an industrial and cultural centre of the country. The most important branches of industry are those producing vehicles, glass, chemicals. New York is also a great cultural centre. It has many museums, art galleries, theatres. There are two world-famous streets in New York — Broadway and Fifth Avenue. Broadway is the centre of the theatres and night life. Fifth Avenue is the great shopping, hotel and club avenue.
   The Empire State Building is at Fifth Avenue. It's a 102- storeyed building, was built in 1931. The Metropolitan Museum of Art is at Fifth Avenue. It includes hundreds of world famous masterpieces and attracts many visitors. The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American democracy. It stands on Liberty Island in New York port. Liberty carries the torch of freedom in her right hand. In her left hand she is holding a tablet with the inscription "July 4,1776" — American Independence Day.
   Today New York City is informally called "The Big Apple". The origin of this name is unknown, but it is popular all over the world.
   
   Questions:
   1. Is New York a capital of the USA?
   2. Where is New York situated?
   3. Is New York an industrial centre?
   4. What are the two world — famous streets in New York?
   5. What is the nickname of New York?
   6. Would you like to visit New York?
   
   Vocabulary:
   stock exchange — биржа
   vehicles — средство передвижения
   include — включать
   masterpiece — шедевр
   torch — факел